Almost from the time we can hold a pencil (or hit a key these days), we are taught the “rules” of writing. Punctuation. The grammar forms of Standard English. Beginning. Middle. End. When we learn to write for the masses, we start hearing the word “craft” bandied about. Learning “craft” is related to the specifics for different forms of writing: journalism versus script-writing vs short story vs novel vs memoir vs creative non-fiction. Craft is the tools and techniques we … Read More »

Well, there’s no such thing and there shouldn’t be. A protagonist should always be imperfect. Here’s why I think that’s true. Perfection is fine in a saint. But most people aren’t saints and don’t want to read about them. They want heroes and heroines they can relate to, identify with, worry about, root for. That doesn’t mean your protagonist must be irredeemably inadequate. In fact, I think a good protagonist needs a special skill. My most recent hero is a … Read More »

I’m fully immersed in my story. I’m in “the zone,” typing madly, but this story is practically writing itself. Then one of my characters hands another a cup of tea (insert sound of screeching brakes). Wait! Did they have tea in 13th century Scotland? Turns out they didn’t. Change tea to honeyed milk. As my writing brain is fully engulfed in the story, the researcher lobe is pulled from standby to high alert. I engage the “find and replace” function … Read More »

Agency is “the capacity, condition, or state of acting or of exerting power . . .” Agency is something adults have, usually. Some level of authority, capability, assertion, action, or overt influence. Traditionally, it has been male fictional characters who just naturally have agency. They make decisions that affect the plot and the lives of the other characters. They take independent action and accept the consequences. The writing world is in the process of normalizing agency in female characters. The traditional … Read More »

Occasionally, you’ll read a short story or novel in which the point of view is not that of the principal character. This might strike you as odd. If the story tells of Blustery Bob the Protagonist, why wouldn’t the author have us follow Blustery Bob in first person or his third person subjective viewpoint? Why do we get the story from the viewpoint of Sidekick Sam? If the writer knows her stuff, she made an intentional and correct choice. When … Read More »

We all have limitations in life, physical or mental or both, but most American fiction is written from the viewpoint of an average, or above average, able-bodied, mentally-stable perspective. Of the stories that aren’t, many of them are written about or for children and teens. By adding adult characters with disabilities to our stories, we can give adults living with life-long limitations characters they can relate to in stories that value those characters’ contribution to moving the story forward. Among … Read More »